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142 Results

Type: Article

Section: Formulas/Products > Sun Care

Quantifying Benzophenone-3 and Octyl Methoxycinnamate in Sunscreen Emulsions

The authors have validated a high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the quantitative determination of benzophenone- 3 and octyl methoxycinnamate present in sunscreen emulsions.

Formulating Water-resistant Sunscreen Emulsions

Note that today we aren't permitted to use the term "waterproof" since the FDA believes that this term implies an absolute-it never washes off-and feels that consumers might be inclined not to reapply sunscreen after swimming or perspiring. So, we must now use the term "very water resistant" in its place.

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How a Functionalized Soy Film Former Boosts SPF, Dispersion in Sunscreen Emulsions

A nature-derived film forming polymer and dispersing agent was developed to enable more sustainable sun and color formulas. Its water resistance, SPF-boosting, pigment wetting and dispersion, and film-forming properties were evaluated as described here.

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Uniquely Stable Emulsions Revealed Through Freeze-fracture Transmission Electron Microscopy

Researchers investigated the structures and features of emulsions made with different emulsifiers via freeze-fracture transmission electron microscopy. Potassium cetyl phosphate formed more multi-lamellar spheres than other emulsifiers, and aggregated homo-domains on top of lamellar sheet surfaces and multi-lamellar spheres. These homo-domains are likely to be responsible for the excellent emulsion stability achieved.

Formulation and Evaluation of Self-tanners

Self-tanning preparations are becoming increasingly important for consumers desiring a tanned look without exposing themselves to undue harm. The present article reviews DHA and other self-tanning active ingredients and their mechanisms of action. Formulating hallenges such as stability and ingredient interactions are discussed, as well as the evaluation and regulation of self-tanning products.

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Formulation and Evaluation of Self-tanners

Self-tanning preparations are becoming increasingly important for consumers desiring a tanned look without exposing themselves to undue harm. The present article reviews DHA and other self-tanning active ingredients and their mechanisms of action. Formulating hallenges such as stability and ingredient interactions are discussed, as well as the evaluation and regulation of self-tanning products.

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Soaking up the Self-Tan: The Pros and Cons of DHA and Self-tanners

Many people utilize non-UV tanning methods to meet fashion demands without exposing themselves to UV radiation. This article reviews the health benefits and possible drawbacks of dihydroxyacetone, the main active ingredient in self-tanning products.

Safety and Efficacy of Microfine Titanium Dioxide

Modern microfine TiO2 products attenuate both UVA and UVB. The ingredient is practically chemically inert and “non-penetrating” and can be regarded a safe cosmetic raw material.

Photostabilization of Retinol and Retinyl Palmitate by Ethylhexyl Methoxycrylene

This study examines the photostability of retinol and retinyl palmitate, finding they break down rapidly when exposed to UV radiation in the 290–400 nm range. This severely reduces their concentrations in finished formulations. However, when combined with ethylhexyl methoxycrylene, these retinoids are shown to be protected against photodegradation, thus preserving their concentrations both during the manufacturing process and following application to the skin.

A Review of Current Sunscreen Formulation Techniques and Technology

The author reviews several sunscreen formulations currently on the market and discusses their effectiveness and formulation strategies.

Photostabilization of Retinol and Retinyl Palmitate by Ethylhexyl Methoxycrylene

This study examines the photostability of retinol and retinyl palmitate, finding they break down rapidly when exposed to UV radiation in the 290–400 nm range. This severely reduces their concentrations in finished formulations. However, when combined with ethylhexyl methoxycrylene, these retinoids are shown to be protected against photodegradation, thus preserving their concentrations both during the manufacturing process and following application to the skin.

Quality Comparison of W/O and O/W Photo-Protection Creams

The authors determined the quality of a photoprotector W/O cream by evaluating its microbial control, physicalchemical stability and sensory appeal in comparison to an O/W photo-protector cream.

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Interpretation of SPF In vivo Results: Analysis and Statistical Explanation

Methods for determining SPF in vivo are based on a biological response by human skin. To overcome intrinsic variation in these methods, large numbers of volunteers and statistics are required; however, these concepts are often poorly understood or worse, misinterpreted. This article discusses how these values should be interpreted and explains what they mean to formulators.

Developing Sunscreens for the Preventive Treatment of Photodamage and Premature Aging

This article reviews the mechanisms of ultraviolet radiation insult to skin and explains the formulation of sunscreens to protect against this damage. Further, since the efficacy of combinations of UV filters will vary with formulation base, the formula vehicle and form are discussed, as well as an overview given of typical sunscreen efficacy tests performed prior to production.

Developing Sunscreens for the Preventive Treatment of Photodamage and Premature Aging

This article reviews the mechanisms of ultraviolet radiation insult to skin and explains the formulation of sunscreens to protect against this damage. Further, since the efficacy of combinations of UV filters will vary with formulation base, the formula vehicle and form are discussed, as well as an overview given of typical sunscreen efficacy tests performed prior to production.

Influence of Skin Diffuse Reflectance on Sun Damage and Ingredient Efficacy Measurements

Current in vitro methods to assess photostability and antioxidant activity do not account for the diffuse reflectance of skin. Described here is an in vitro test that addresses this variable, mimics end-use product conditions and models photodamage processes. The approach is employed to determine the efficacy of an antioxidant from the Camellia sinensis (tea) plant.

Influence of Skin Diffuse Reflectance on Sun Damage and Ingredient Efficacy Measurements

Current in vitro methods to assess photostability and antioxidant activity do not account for the diffuse reflectance of skin. Described here is an in vitro test that addresses this variable, mimics end-use product conditions and models photodamage processes. The approach is employed to determine the efficacy of an antioxidant from the Camellia sinensis (tea) plant.

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A Moment of Clarity: Glass Particles to Boost SPF and Shield Against Blue Light

High-SPF formulations typically exhibit poor aesthetics, caused by high concentrations of UV filters. And besides UV, consumers now seek protection against blue light. Taken together, the present work explores a specific calcium sodium borosilicate to boost SPF in vivo and shield against blue light-induced skin damage.

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