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Type: Article

WomanRubbingProductIntoShoulder850

Rubbing Shoulders with Massage for Improved Penetration

Rubbing is a common application method for topical products, though evidence of its efficacy remains scarce. The present article reviews research in support of this application theory. It also identifies what investigation is still needed.

Testing for Penetration of the Skin Barrier

The skin barrier is described, after which tests and case studies illustrate how to show if actives and other ingredients have or have not penetrated the skin barrier.

Properties of Emulsions: Structure and Skin Penetration

This work studied the influence of emulsion type and structure on the penetration of vitamins as cosmetic active ingredients. An emulsion of the w/o type and two different o/w emulsions were compared with an oil solution as a standard. A systematic in vitro study of penetration into the stratum corneum and the living skin was performed with the isolated perfused bovide udder skin model. The results substantiate the influence of emulsion type and stucture on the degree of penetration of water-soluble and oil-soluble vitamins into the skin.

WomanBWGeneTest850

Don’t Count On Genetics, Sunscreens are the Best Bet

In a podcast with P&G scientists Frauke Neuser, Ph.D. and Rosemarie Osborne, Ph.D., Cosmetics & Toiletries learned about genetic studies in support of the Olay brand, and more. Following is an excerpt.

'Generation Z' Antioxidants

Here, Julie K. Salmon, MD, a dermatologist at Southwest Skin Specialists, discusses innovative antioxidants that are particularly beneficial in skin care.

'Generation Z' Antioxidants

Here, Julie K. Salmon, MD, a dermatologist at Southwest Skin Specialists, discusses innovative antioxidants that are particularly beneficial in skin care.

Validating the Effectiveness of Rubbing on Percutaneous Penetration

The effect of rubbing on percutaneous penetration has long been questioned. Existing data regarding rubbing effects is sparse, and what is available is controversial at best. While some evidence suggests that rubbing increases absorption, others note the opposite. Further understanding of the rubbing effect on percutaneous penetration may offer a more complete picture in relation to the application of drugs, cosmetics and skin care.

Penetration of Cosmetics Into and Through the Stratum Corneum

The penetration routes of substances through the stratum corneum and how these transport pathways function are becoming better understood. Despite this progress, however, the penetration mechanisms of cosmetic formulations remain mysterious. This overview presents current knowledge on the various pathways of penetration, and suggests that even if cosmetic formulations penetrate no deeper than the surface, their efficacy may still be optimal.

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Protect from the sun, respecting the planet

While practicing sun safety and applying sunscreen should be a priority on every beachgoer’s list, have you ever thought about what happens to our environment when certain sunscreens wash off in oceans?

Skin Antioxidants

The skin is supplied with an antioxidant defense system that includes enzymatic and nonenzymatic components.

Johann W. Wiechers, Ph.D.

Words from Wiechers: Without Penetration, No Delivery

This somewhat tongue-in-cheek edition of our "Words from Wiechers" series offers insight to improve the efficacy of actives.

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Epigenetics and Aging: A New Player in Skin Care

The cosmetics and skin care industry is constantly developing new products and technologies that aim to slow down the skin aging process. Epigenetic processes play an important role in skin aging. Several new cosmetic products target epigenetic mechanisms and have shown promising results as novel cosmeceuticals.

Penetration of Cosmetics Into and Through the Stratum Corneum

The penetration routes of substances through the stratum corneum and how these transport pathways function are becoming better understood. Despite this progress, however, the penetration mechanisms of cosmetic formulations remain mysterious. This overview presents current knowledge on the various pathways of penetration, and suggests that even if cosmetic formulations penetrate no deeper than the surface, their efficacy may still be optimal.

Formulating Focus: The Influence of Emollients on Skin Penetration

This column will discuss ways in which ingredients can positively affect the partition coefficient of the active between the formula and the skin. By carefully selecting the emollients used in a formulation, formulators can increase the delivery and clinical efficacy of a formulation without increasing the level of the active ingredient.

Formulating Focus: The Influence of Emollients on Skin Penetration

This column will discuss ways in which ingredients can positively affect the partition coefficient of the active between the formula and the skin. By carefully selecting the emollients used in a formulation, formulators can increase the delivery and clinical efficacy of a formulation without increasing the level of the active ingredient.

"Precautionary" Regulation Genetics and Cosmeceuticals in the 21st Century

"Precautionary" regulation genetics and cosmeceuticals in the 21st century.

Assessing the Safety of Parabens: Percutaneous Penetration and Risk Analysis

In cosmetics, parabens are widely used due to their low cost and efficacy. In recent years, however, some reports have claimed that these materials exhibit estrogenic activity, which has led to attempts to replace them in formulations. This article reviews penetration studies of parabens spanning the past 20 years to determine whether they pose a risk to human health.

Since foamed products are easier to spread and absorb and penetrate quickly, they also tend to avoid the greasy, sticky or oily feeling that creams can leave on the skin after application.

Foam Format Improves Skin Cream Application, Penetration

Foam products have recaptured the attention of beauty consumers. The present study describes their benefits and compares the spreadability and penetration of a standard cream with a cream foamed using a device equipped with a novel membrane technology.

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