Squalane (INCI: Squalane; IUPAC name: 2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosane; CAS RN 111-01-3; see Figure 1a) is a valued cosmetic ingredient due to several of its unique properties. In a pure state, it is a mobile, colorless, odorless and tasteless hydrocarbon oil with good physical and chemical stability; this is illustrated by its high boiling point of 210-215°C (at 1 torr pressure)1 and notable resistance to chemical oxidation,2 making the need for preservatives unnecessary. Squalane also naturally occurs in small amounts in the lipid layers of skin, and along with its precursor squalene,3 it prevents moisture loss while restoring skin’s suppleness and flexibility. The ingredient’s sensorial profile, biocompatibility with skin, robust composition and moisturizing benefits have made it a favorite with cosmetic formulators. From a technical point of view, it is readily emulsifiable, and has excellent dispersion properties and compatibility with other ingredients. It is soluble in all common cosmetic media, and can be used without limits in all types of formulations. Subject to the removal of impurities that vary in type and amount, depending on the source, it is non-toxic and a non-irritant.4
