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Formulating
New in Formulating (page 11 of 66)
Nov 04, 2011 | 11:05 AM CDT
What Every Formulator Needs to Know About Fragrance
By: Felix Buccellato and Christian Buccelllato, Cu…
This overview of the types of problems encountered when fragrancing personal care products discusses issues of stability, solubility, color change and compatibility of fragrance and product ingredients.
Oct 28, 2011 | 03:37 PM CDT
A New Thickener/Stabilizer Technology
By: Stephen L. Kopolow, PhD; Yoon Tae Kwak, PhD; a…
This article describes a new synthetic thickener/stabilizer technology that provides these attributes. Although there area variety of raw materials used to thicken personal care products, few are sufficiently versatile to offer effective thickening, gelling and suspending properties for a wide variety of applications.
Oct 28, 2011 | 03:22 PM CDT
The Required D-Value: Evaluating Product Preservation in Relation to Packaging and Consumer Use/Abuse
By: D.S. Orth, PhD, R.F. Barlow and L.A. Gregory, …
Cosmetic and pharmaceutical products are subject to microbial contamination and spoilage during use. In 1970, Halleck published the recommendations of the Preservation Subcommittee of the Toiletry Goods Association Microbiology Committee, which stated that preservation studies should consider product formulation, manufacturing conditions, packaging, product stability and continued effectiveness of the preservative system during the intended use by consumers.
Oct 28, 2011 | 01:45 PM CDT
Assessing the Safety of Parabens: Percutaneous Penetration and Risk Analysis
By: Elsa Jungman, Cécile Laugel and Arlette Baille…
In cosmetics, parabens are widely used due to their low cost and efficacy. In recent years, however, some reports have claimed that these materials exhibit estrogenic activity, which has led to attempts to replace them in formulations. This article reviews penetration studies of parabens spanning the past 20 years to determine whether they pose a risk to human health.
Oct 28, 2011 | 01:38 PM CDT
A Dermatological View—The Controversial Influence of Moisturizers on Skin Water Barrier
By: Howard I. Maibach, MD, University of Californi…
As is described here, moisturizers can influence the properties and structure of corneocytes by influencing the SC and consequently, the skin water barrier function. This hydrative influence of moisturizers could be beneficial as well as destructive toward skin barrier function.
Oct 28, 2011 | 10:23 AM CDT
Enhancing Hairstyling with Micro- and Nano-phase Technologies
By: Robert Lochhead, Kelly McLeod and Willis Byrd,…
Nanostructured materials are being introduced to personal care technologies to offer better resistance to moisture, to enhance strength and to confer stimuli responsive behavior. Some of the scientific advances that build upon new knowledge in this emerging field are highlighted in this article.
Oct 28, 2011 | 10:18 AM CDT
Formula Anatomy Deciphered—Antiperspirants
By: Eric S. Abrutyn, TPC2 Advisors Ltd.
The formulation matrix delivery system is the key to effectiveness and acceptable consumer antiperspirant systems. The most common delivery systems are roll-ons (either aqueous or cyclosiloxane suspensions), aerosol (hydrocarbon propellant suspensions), extrudable clear gels (water-in-cyclosiloxane emulsions), extrudable opaque soft solids (anhydrous cyclosiloxane suspension pastes) or solid sticks (anhydrous cyclomethicone suspension solids).
Oct 28, 2011 | 10:14 AM CDT
Ingredient Profile—Benzoic Acid/Sodium Benzoate
By: Michael J. Fevola, PhD, Johnson & Johnson
Benzoic acid (BA) is a leading choice due to its long and successful history of use preserving foods, drugs and cosmetics. Affirmed as GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) by the US Food & Drug Administration (FDA), BA and its sodium salt, sodium benzoate (NaB), are perhaps the most globally acceptable preservatives that have managed to avoid the controversy associated with many of the industry’s tried-and-true preservatives.
Oct 05, 2011 | 02:12 PM CDT
Formula Troubleshooting—Microemulsion Systems
By: Peter Tsolis, The Estee Lauder Companies; and …
Microemulsions have long assisted the pharmaceutical industry in delivering efficacious levels of an active ingredient to the skin by enhancing the active’s bioavailability, versus traditional solutions and dispersions.
Oct 05, 2011 | 12:05 PM CDT
Silicone Emulsifiers and Formulation Techniques for Stable, Aesthetic Products
By: Isabelle Van Reeth, Xinyan R. Bao, Yasuhiro Ka…
Mastering formulating techniques with water-in-silicone emulsifiers can help cosmetic chemists create stable emulsions that combine distinctive aesthetics with improved performance. Here, the authors describe how altering parameters including the water to silicone/oil ratio, mixing processes, emulsifier levels, the nature of the external and internal phases, and the presence or lack of co-emulsifiers affect the characteristics of final formulations.