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New in Research (page 86 of 92)
Dec 13, 2005 | 10:53 PM CST
Copyrights Copyrights and the Law
By: Larry Plonsker, CHemical Network Associates
How are copyrights administered? Intellectual property encompasses ideas or creative works in a form that can enable others to produce or recreate them. Protection of these properties is through patents, trademarks, trade secrets or copyrights. All of these protection instruments allow the owner to prohibit others from using the covered discovery or expression, except with their permission, as in a license. The United States Patent and Trademark Office is responsible for processing patent and trademark applications and disseminating patent and trademark information. Unlike patents and trademarks, copyrights are administered by the Library of Congress, through its Copyright Office.
Dec 13, 2005 | 10:33 PM CST
Linking Sensory and Rheology Characteristics
By: Vincent A.L. Wortel, Cornelis Verboom, Johann …
The authors introduce a method to use rheological properties (such as dynamic viscosity and yield stress) to describe and predict skin sensory attributes (such as cohesiveness) of cosmetic products. This is a first step in learning to use emulsion structure to predict sensory attributes.
Dec 13, 2005 | 10:28 PM CST
Active Delivery via Silicones and Other Topics
By: Charles Fox, Independent Silicones
Vitamin P on skin dullness: Hosokawa reviews the effect of vitamin P (bioflavonoids) on skin dullness and its application to cosmetics. The color of the skin is known to reflect the blood flow within it. Because the concentration of melanin is low in the lip, and the horny layer in the lip area is thin, the dullness of lip was presumed to be influenced easily by the color of blood. Researchers studied the physiological differences between colorful and dull-colored lips by measuring blood flow and oxygen saturation. They found that dull-colored lips and the corner of the lips (generally dull-colored compared to the center of lips) show relatively poor blood flow and a lower degree of oxygenation.
Dec 13, 2005 | 10:24 PM CST
Cosmetic Utilization of Micro Wound Healing Models
By: Hongbo Zhai and H.I. Maibach
Superficial wounds may be evaluated and treated in the cosmetic field. However, with natural wounds it is difficult to evaluate the effects of therapy upon the repair process because natural wounds may vary according to several factors, such as wound induction (physical or chemical), depth (superficial or deep), size (regular or irregular), site-to-site variability, and environmental factors (infection or not).
Dec 13, 2005 | 10:20 PM CST
Laboratory Notebooks: Valuable Indicators of Intellectual Property
By: Dolores T. Kenney, Esq., Olson & Hierl, Ltd.
Laboratory notebooks are important corporate records that should clearly show tests performed in the lab, materials used and when they were used. They can provide essential evidence to the Patent Office in the event that questions of patent rights arise.
Dec 13, 2005 | 10:11 PM CST
Perfumery Raw Materials and Other Topics
By: Charles Fox, Independent Consultant
Biotec Pharmacon describes methods of skin and ulcer treatment and use of water-soluble β-(1,3) glucans as active agents for producing therapeutic skin treatment agents.
Dec 13, 2005 | 10:08 PM CST
Evaluating a “New” Emulsifier
By: Ken Klein, Cosmetech Laboratories
Cosmetic chemists are constantly being bombarded by “new” raw materials from suppliers. We welcome this “bombardment” as it gives us the opportunity to be more creative in our formulation efforts. I think it is worthwhile to step back and look at how a formulator should evaluate a new material before deciding whether or not to use it. Let’s focus our attention on emulsifiers (one of my favorite topics).
Dec 13, 2005 | 09:53 PM CST
Busy Signals Explain Itch from Dry Skin
By: Gil Yosipovitch, MD, and Kelly L. Barham, MD
This review of literature suggests that crosstalk between the stratum corneum and nerve fibers in the epidermis is the process by which itch is transmitted to the central nervous system. A rationale is presented for using moisturizers to reduce itch.
Dec 13, 2005 | 09:51 PM CST
Cell Growth–Promoting Peptides and Other Topics
By: Charles Fox, Independent Consultant
Bissett et al report that topical application of niacinamide reduces yellowing, wrinkling, red blotchiness and hyperpigmented spots in aging facial skin.
Dec 13, 2005 | 09:49 PM CST
Technology Transfer: Trade Secrets
By: Larry Plonsker, Chemical Network Associates
Trade secrets and patents are very different intellectual properties. You can’t have both on the same invention. A patent gives the owner the right to bar anyone from making, using or selling the subject of the claims in the region where the patents are registered. The patent becomes a public document and, therefore, cannot be a trade secret.